A satellite is a telecommunications device in orbit around the Earth. Satellite communications utilizes radio freqencies as the communications meduim and uses satellites to receive, amplify and retransmit an earth-based station's uplink signal back down to a receiving earth station.
It is important to remember that all satellite communication is simplex--that is, the uplink and downlink are separated. All satellite connections are handled separately and frequently sold and purchased as separate services.
BASICS
THE RF CIRCUIT
- Uplink / Downlink Chains
- Power
- Radiated
- Reflected
- Effective
- Interference
- Noise
- Carrier to Noise Ratio
- Signal To Noise Ratio
- Noise Floor
- Noise temperature
- Spectrum Interferance
- Saturation
- Solar/Sun Outage
- Intermodulation
- Harmonic Distortion
- Noise
- Attenuation
- Rain Fade
- Atmospheric Absorbption
- Impedance
- Gain
- Antenna Gain
- Amplifier Gain
- Gain over Temperature (G/T)
- Effective Output Power
- Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR)
- Free space loss
- Backoff
MODULATION
- PSK
- Phase Shift Keying
- BPSK
- QPSK
- nPSK
- Concentric PSK
- QAM - Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
Multiplexing
- OFDM - Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
ERROR CORRECTION
- Forward Error Correction
Convolutional CODING (Line Coding Technologies)
- Viterbi
- Reed Solomon
DIGITAL SERVICES
- Single Channel Per Carrier (SCPC)
- Multiple Channels Per Carrier (MCPC)
- Digital Video Broadcast (DVB)
EARTH STATION EQUIPMENT
UPLINK CHAIN
- Data Source (Router)
- Modulator
- Up-Converter
- Amplifiers
- Wave Guide
- Baseball Switch
- Dish
- Antenna
- Feed Horn
- Mesh vs. Solid
DOWNLINK CHAIN
- Antenna (Dish)
- Low Noise Amplifier (LNA)
- Low Noise Block Downconverter (LNB)
- Down-Converter
- Demodulator
- Data Destination
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