Dynamic routing protocols calculate routes by advertising the networks they are connected to and the routes they use to reach other routers connected to more networks. Once all the routers in a network know all routes to all known destinations, the routing protocol has said to have 'converged'.
If a user were to attempt to reach a destination before the routing protocol has converged, the data might never get to its destination.
There are two problems that occur when a network is having difficulty reaching the state of convergence: routing loops and black holes.
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